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Vector Borne Diseases: How Does Malaria Impact The Human Body In The Long-Term?

Vector Borne Diseases: How Does Malaria Impact The Human Body In The Long-Term? Malaria is a deadly disease which may have long-term impacts on a human body if a person get infected more than once. Let us find out what complications may arise.

Written by Kinkini GuptaPublished : April 26, 2024 11:02 AM IST

Malaria is a deadly vector borne disease caused by a parasite that spreads from mosquitoes. The mosquitoes bite an infected person and then bites another healthy person transferring the parasite to the next person's blood stream. Because the parasite present in the blood of a human body, it can also spread from one person to another during organ transplant or blood transfusion. However, mosquitoes are the main and the most common mediums of spread of malaria disease. The symptoms of malaria can be mild as well as severe and typically lasts from 10 days to 4 weeks after getting infected. You will experience high grade fever, chills in the body, sweat, malaise, headache, muscles aches, vomiting and nausea. Can malaria have long term impacts on a patient?

What Are The Long Term Impacts Of Malaria Disease?

Research suggests that long term implications can happen for people who have suffered from the disease multiple times. There are certain countries where malaria is an endemic disease and people travelling to and from these countries might even get infected more than once. This increases the risks of long term health repercussions because of the vector borne disease. Let us take a look at the possible outcomes:

  • A person may become susceptible to other bacterial infections after suffering from malaria.
  • Cognitive disability and unable to function optimally may be a long term effect. This is called cerebral malaria and is is considered as one of the most complicated impacts of the disease. It can cause serios neurological problems.
  • Pregnant women may severely get impacted long-term by this disease if they get infected during their pregnancy term.
  • It can impact the foetus causing foetal developmental abnormalities.
  • It can increase the risk of pregnancy losses or miscarriages, premature delivery, low birth weight and other abnormalities in the newborn.
  • Children are vulnerable to long-term impacts as well such as:

  • Cognitive skills
  • Motor skills
  • Quality of life
  • Impairment in visual coordination
  • Attention deficit hyperactivity disorder
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    World Malaria Day 2024: Suffering From Malaria? Here Are Some Do's And Don't That You Should Keep In Mind

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    Typhoid, Vector-Borne Diseases Emerge As Key Health Challenges For India

    (MENAFN- Live Mint) "New Delhi: In the last two years, typhoid, dengue, malaria, scrub typhus and influenza have emerged as a public health concern, according to data shared by the National Centre for Disease Control (NCDC).Typhoid, a water-borne disease, has been the most prevalent between 2022 and 2024, followed by vector-borne diseases such as dengue and malaria. Despite a decline in occurrence, scrub typhus remained a significant concern, especially in South India, where climate change factors, such as temperature, rainfall and humidity, are exacerbating its spread."Scrub typhus is a bacterial disease and we are seeing many cases compared to the past few years. There was limited awareness about it," said Dr Teena Mary Joy, associate professor, department of community medicine, Amrita Hospital, Kochi."The cases are going up because there is more contact between forest area and humans. Also many people are going for trek and hiking in forest areas and come back with the infection. Climate change is definitely linked to the surge in scrub typhus cases," she added.Also ReadIndian scientists develop iron jabs, will help check anaemiaAnnually, typhoid affects approximately 4.5 million people in India, resulting in around 9,000 deaths, with urban areas witnessing a disproportionately high incidence rate. Experts also highlighted a notable 30% increase in typhoid cases during the monsoon season in 2023, with drug-resistant strains posing a primary challenge.In India, typhoid vaccines are mandated immediately after birth, but the first dose of typhoid conjugated vaccine (TCV) is typically administered at 9-12 months. Doctors suggest that children and those with compromised immunity must be vaccinated using both the TCV and and non-conjugated polysaccharide vaccine (ViCPS), to avoid complications."Typhoid is really emerging as a big concern. With humidity increasing, water and quality of food is an issue. At Safdarjung Hospital we published a study where we mentioned the immediate need for introducing oral typhoid vaccines in India," said Dr Jugal Kishore, head of community medicine, Safdarjung Hospital of mid-November 2023, around 200,000 dengue cases were reported nationwide, with Bengaluru and Delhi witnessing a significant number of cases. Warmer temperatures provide an ideal breeding ground for Aedes mosquitoes, increasing the risk of dengue, which can lead to organ damage, internal bleeding, and even death. Pregnant women and infants are particularly vulnerable.Dengue vaccination trials are ongoing in India, with the Serum Institute of India (SII) developing the first indigenous vaccine, Dengusiil. Indian Immunologicals Ltd is also working on its own vaccine for dengue 2022, India accounted for 66% of the 5.2 million malaria cases reported in Southeast Asia. Pregnant women, elderly adults, and young children are at high risk of severe infections, which can lead to respiratory problems, hypoglycemia, anemia, and organ failure. Cerebral malaria can be fatal. Last year, the World Health Organization (WHO) had pre-qualified the R21/Matrix-M malaria vaccine developed by Oxford University and the Serum Institute of India (SII)."Climate change is definitely a big factor for the rise in vector-borne diseases. Humidity and temperature play key roles in breeding of mosquitoes. Untimely rainfall, and poor drainage system leading to water storage are also factors leading to rise in vector-borne diseases," Kishore added ReadGovernment starts work on expanding Ayushman Bharat scheme

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