A guide to vaccinology: from basic principles to new developments

Mumps Virus Infections And Vaccination

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Measles Confirmed In Southern Manitoba

Posted February 4, 2025 5:52 pm.

Manitoba health officials are warning the public of five confirmed cases of measles in southern Manitoba.

The province says that all five cases are connected to a recent outbreak in Ontario, and note that all five people who have measles live in the same home, and recently travelled to the eastern province.

Despite this, the provincial government says the individuals may have been in contact with members of the public over the last week.

Anyone who was at the following locations within the times noted are asked to monitor themselves for symptoms of measles — which is listed below — until the dates provided.

Exposure Sites Exposure Date and Time Monitor Symptoms Until: Reinland Mennonite Church, 200 Redhawk Tr., Winkler – Sunday school and main service Jan. 26 from 9:15 a.M. To 12:30 p.M. Feb.16 Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg – first floor children's laboratory and waiting rooms of Clinic X and Clinic W Jan. 31 from 11:30 a.M. To 2 p.M. Feb. 21 Health Sciences Centre, Winnipeg – Orange Bison Zone Level 1 in and around Guildy's Eatery and adjacent corridors Jan. 31 from noon to 3 p.M. Feb. 21 Health Sciences Centre Winnipeg – fourth floor cardiology clinic and waiting room in Children's Hospital Jan. 31 from 1 p.M. To 4 p.M. Feb. 21 -Information courtesy the Government of Manitoba.

An investigation is ongoing and the province notes that other possible exposure locations might be added.

Anyone who was at the locations above during the times listed, is urged to check their immunization records and make sure they are up to date with a measles vaccine — measles, mumps and rubella (MMR) or measles, mumps, rubella and varicella (MMRV).

The province says that anyone who was at the potential exposure locations who are not immunized should get vaccinated, watch for symptoms, and reduce their exposure to others.

Symptoms of measles generally appear seven to 21 days after exposure. Initial symptoms of measles may include fever, runny nose, drowsiness, irritability and red eyes. Small white spots may also develop on the inside of the mouth or throat.

Several days after the initial symptoms, a red blotchy rash appears on the face and progresses down the body. Measles can lead to complications including ear infections, diarrhea, pneumonia (lung infection) and encephalitis (brain inflammation).

As of Jan. 29, 81 cases (54 confirmed and 27 probable) of measles have been reported in Ontario in 2024 and 2025.

Waning Protection From Vaccination Explains Rise In Mumps Cases

US AIR FORCE / MATTHEW LOTZThe number of mumps cases has been increasing across the United States, a phenomenon that some researchers have suggested is due to evolution of the mumps virus to escape vaccination. But a more likely explanation is that vaccine-based protection against mumps wanes over a person's lifetime, according to researchers at Harvard University. The findings, published yesterday (March 21) in Science, indicate a potential role for booster vaccines in maintaining protection throughout adulthood.

"Our results strongly support that the answer is waning vaccine-induced immunity, not a new vaccine-escape strain," study coauthor Yonatan Grad, an immunologist at the Harvard T.H. Chan School of Public Health, tells Philly News.

Before the introduction of the mumps vaccine in 1967 in the U.S., more than 90 percent of children and adolescents came down with the infection. Although that percentage plummeted in the 1970s, the number of mumps infections saw spikes in the 1980s and 1990s, and again in 2006, particularly among young adults.

To understand the fluctuations, the Harvard researchers studied epidemiological data from a handful of trials carried out in Europe and in the U.S. Between 1967 and 2008. The pair found that immunity from vaccination seems to last an average ...

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